Specializing in vertical CNC grinding machines

Basic parts and basic components for machining centers

2024-04-01

Machining centers can generally be divided into two parts: the machine tool (mechanical part) and the control system (electrical part). The machine tool is the main body of the machining center, and the control system is the core of the machining center. Machining centers are usually composed of basic parts (bed, table, column), spindle parts, CNC system, automatic tool changing system and auxiliary devices.

Sliding table drive motor The sliding table drive motor of machining center usually uses permanent magnet synchronous servo motor, which can realize precise position control, with a rated speed of 3,000~4,000r/min, and a maximum speed of 7,000~8,000r/min, and a rated power of more than 1.5kW. Figure 2-12 shows a certain type of Siemens drive motor. In order to adapt to complex working conditions, the motor usually needs to reach IP64 or even higher protection level to cope with humid and highly polluted environments.

Most of the motors currently used in machining center drive units are natural air-cooled motors. To monitor the motor temperature, a temperature sensor is fitted at the end of the stator winding. This temperature sensor is a semiconductor element whose resistance varies with temperature and conforms to a defined characteristic curve. Figure 2-13 shows the characteristic curve of a servo motor temperature sensor. By setting the parameters of the temperature sensor, a temperature alarm can be realized, i.e., when the temperature of the motor rises, an alert message "Motor Temperature Overheat Warning" will be triggered.

The control of the angle of the electric motor is generally realized by means of an encoder. An encoder is a rotary sensor that converts rotational displacement into digital pulse signals, and these pulse signals control the angular displacement of the motor. For example, a multi-turn absolute encoder used for servo motor angle control can send an absolute angular position signal from 0° to 360° at a given resolution.